fastboot: add english translated fastboot slides

The german slides are still there but they will not get built.

Signed-off-by: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de>

2 files changed, 560 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/misc/Makefile b/misc/Makefile
index f766120..79aedf8 100644
--- a/misc/Makefile
+++ b/misc/Makefile
@@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_MISC_BEST) += pres_best_en.pdf
 obj-$(CONFIG_MISC_IPC) += pres_ipc_en.pdf
 obj-$(CONFIG_MISC_UPDATE) += pres_update.pdf
 obj-$(CONFIG_MISC_JAILHOUSE) += pres_jailhouse.pdf
-obj-$(CONFIG_MISC_FASTBOOT) += pres_fastboot_de.pdf
+obj-$(CONFIG_MISC_FASTBOOT) += pres_fastboot_en.pdf
diff --git a/misc/pres_fastboot_en.tex b/misc/pres_fastboot_en.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..866c1a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/misc/pres_fastboot_en.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,559 @@
+\input{configpres}
+
+\section{Basics}
+
+\title{Linux Fastboot}
+\maketitle
+
+\subsection{Motivation}
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Motivation}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item always greater requirements for energy saving functions
+\item runtime of multimedia devices
+\item automotive applications
+\pause
+\item \textbf{Solution:} power off when idle
+\pause
+\item \textbf{But:} users do not like ''waiting''
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\subsection{Theoretical Basics}
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{The first step: Requirements Definition}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item What is the maximum allowed boot time?
+\item Which functionality must be availalbe after this time?
+\item speed vs. flexibility
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Boot Process}
+\includegraphics[height=0.7\textheight]{images/boot_overview.png}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Actors in the Boot Process}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item hardware reset
+\item bootloader
+\item operating system (load drivers, mount filesystems)
+\item start scripts / applications
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Critical Hardware Components}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item power supply
+\item reset logic
+\item boot logic / boot order
+\item connection to the boot medium
+\item connection to required peripherals
+\end{itemize}
+\textbf{Important: The hardware is an essential part of a fastboot concept!!}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Bootloader}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item ''base configuration'' of the CPU
+\item modifies the device tree and/or sets up the ''ATAGs structure''
+\item flushes the caches
+\item disables the MMU
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{The Linux Kernel}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item many features for boot time optimization
+\item very flexible
+\item compression
+\item possible to initialize in parallel
+\item approx. 150ms - 250ms to mount a filesystem
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{The Application}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item for systems, this usually has the most potential for optimizing
+\item start scripts
+\item linking
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\section{Optimization}
+\subsection{Bootloader}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Bootloader Optimization (U-Boot) 1}
+remove features that are not needed in the field:
+\begin{lstlisting}
+/* include/configs/boardname.h */
+[...]
+#include <config_cmd_default.h>
+#undef CONFIG_CMD_NET
+[...]
+\end{lstlisting}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Bootloader Optimization (U-Boot) 2}
+disable verification of the kernel image:
+\begin{verbatim}
+setenv verify n
+\end{verbatim}
+disable output on the U-Boot console:
+\begin{verbatim}
+setenv silent 1
+\end{verbatim}
+do not wait for user input:
+\begin{verbatim}
+setenv bootdelay 0
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Bootloader Optimization (IPL)}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item replace a ''general purpose'' bootloader with an optimized IPL
+\item IPL also as a basis for update concepts and ''rescue kernels''
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\subsection{Kernel}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Kernel Optimization: Components}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item configuration and build
+\item compression
+\item boot parameters
+\item driver initialization
+\item root filesystem
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Kernel Optimization: Configuration}
+\begin{verbatim}
+General setup  --->
+Kernel compression mode -->
+\end{verbatim}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item LZO for embedded systems very interesting
+\item copy vs. decompress
+\item for storage medium with direct addressable read access, ''excecute in place (XIP)'' is available
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Kernel Optimization: Command Line Parameter}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item delay loop calibration: ''lpj=''; for ARM9 systems, this can save >100ms
+\item parameters available for runtime analysis of the boot process: ''initcall\_debug'', ''printk.time=1''
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Kernel Optimization: Delay Loop}
+\begin{verbatim}
+...
+Calibrating delay loop...
+   99.12 BogoMIPS (lpj=495616)
+...
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Kernel Optimization: initcall\_debug}
+\begin{verbatim}
+calling  populate_rootfs+0x0/0x1f8 @ 1
+initcall populate_rootfs+0x0/0x1f8
+	returned 0 after 281 usecs
+calling  timer_init_sysfs+0x0/0x38 @ 1
+initcall timer_init_sysfs+0x0/0x38
+	returned 0 after 590 usecs
+calling  leds_init+0x0/0x3c @ 1
+initcall leds_init+0x0/0x3c
+	returned 0 after 488 usecs
+calling  leds_init+0x0/0x50 @ 1
+initcall leds_init+0x0/0x50
+	returned -19 after 1 usecs
+calling  fpe_init+0x0/0x78 @ 1
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Kernel Optimization: printk.time}
+\begin{verbatim}
+[    0.800000] mice: PS/2 mouse device 
+[    0.810000] rtc-at91sam9 at91_rtt.0:
+[    0.820000] rtc-at91sam9 at91_rtt.0: 
+[    0.830000] TCP cubic registered
+[    0.830000] NET: Registered protocol 
+[    0.830000] rtc-at91sam9 at91_rtt.0:
+[    2.610000] VFS: Mounted root (jffs2 
+[    2.610000] Freeing init memory: 116K
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+
+\subsection{File Systems}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Initramfs}
+\begin{verbatim}
+dir /dev 755 0 0
+nod /dev/console 644 0 0 c 5 1
+nod /dev/loop0 644 0 0 b 7 0
+dir /bin 755 1000 1000
+slink /bin/sh busybox 777 0 0
+file /bin/busybox initfs/busybox 755 0 0
+[...]
+dir /proc 755 0 0
+dir /sys 755 0 0
+dir /mnt 755 0 0
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Ubifs}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item for Linux systems, this is \textbf{the} flash filesystem to choose
+\item fast mount times
+\item power-fail safe
+\item \dots
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\subsection{Application}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Optimizing the Application}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item analyze the start processes with bootchartd
+\item possibly starting the application directly with init=
+\item dynamic vs. static linking
+\item prelink for dynamically linked applications
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Start Script Tasks in the Application}
+\begin{verbatim}
+ret = mount("sysfs", "/sys",
+              "sysfs", 0, NULL);
+
+if(ret < 0)
+      perror("Can't mount sysfs\n");
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Dynamic Linking}
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item DT\_RPATH section in ELF executables
+\item paths that are specified in LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH
+\item DT\_RUNPATH section in ELF executables
+\item dynamic loader cache: /etc/ld.so.cache
+\item default paths /lib, /usr/lib, \dots
+\end{enumerate}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Dynamic Linking: Analysis}
+\begin{verbatim}
+$ LD_DEBUG=libs ls
+   3082: find library=librt.so.1 [0];
+         searching
+   3082: search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
+   3082: trying file=/lib/librt.so.1
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{frame}
+
+\section{Example}
+\subsection{Analysis of a Test System}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Test System}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item ARM9 CPU from the Atmel AT91 series
+\item starting point: busybox image from the Angstrom distribution
+\item storage medium: NAND flash
+\item test application: toggling a GPIO via sysfs interface
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{AT91 Controller Boot Process}
+\includegraphics[height=0.7\textheight]{images/boot_at91_overview.png}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{The AT91 Family Boot Modes}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item RomBOOT: boot via an internal boot logic
+\item boot via chip-select 0 (CS0) of the external bus interface
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{AT91 RomBOOT}
+\includegraphics[height=0.7\textheight]{images/boot_at91_romboot.png}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Power-On Behavior / Power Supply}
+\includegraphics[height=0.7\textheight]{images/at91_netzteil.png}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Reset Behavior}
+\includegraphics[height=0.7\textheight]{images/at91_reset.png}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{RomBOOT}
+\includegraphics[height=0.7\textheight]{images/at91_romboot_measure.png}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Summary / Hardware Optimization}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item use the internal oscillator for slowclock: >1s savings
+\item boot from CS0: ~100ms - 150ms savings
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\subsection{Optimizing the Test System}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Boot Time Measurement via GPIO}
+\includegraphics[width=10cm]{images/gpio_measure.png}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Parts of the Boot Time Measurement}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item from bootstrap until U-Boot
+\item from U-Boot until early boot code in the kernel (also includes copying the kernel into RAM and unpacking the kernel)
+\item from kernel until application (also includes mounting the filesystem)
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Initial Boot Times}
+\begin{table}[h]
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{ | c | c | }
+\hline
+Boot Part & Time \\
+\hline 
+bootstrap - U-Boot  & --- \\
+\hline
+U-Boot - kernel  & 6.5s  \\
+\hline
+kernel - application & 4.5s \\
+\hline
+\textbf{Total} & \textbf{11s} \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{U-Boot without Netzwerk Support}
+\begin{table}[h]
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{ | c | c | }
+\hline
+Boot Part & Time \\
+\hline 
+bootstrap - U-Boot  & --- \\
+\hline
+U-Boot - kernel  & 4.25s  \\
+\hline
+kernel - application & 4.5s \\
+\hline
+\textbf{Total} & \textbf{8.75s} \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{U-Boot verify=n}
+\begin{table}[h]
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{ | c | c | }
+\hline
+Boot Part & Time \\
+\hline 
+bootstrap - U-Boot  & --- \\
+\hline
+U-Boot - kernel  & 3.89s  \\
+\hline
+kernel - application & 4.5s \\
+\hline
+\textbf{Total} & \textbf{8.39s} \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Kernel ''Trimming''}
+\begin{table}[h]
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{ | c | c | }
+\hline
+Boot Part & Time \\
+\hline 
+bootstrap - U-Boot  & --- \\
+\hline
+U-Boot - kernel  & 3.77s  \\
+\hline
+kernel - application & 4.33s \\
+\hline
+\textbf{Total} & \textbf{8.1s} \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Analyze the Start Scripts: bootchartd}
+\includegraphics[height=0.85\textheight]{images/bootchart.png}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Optimizing the Start Scripts}
+\begin{table}[h]
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{ | c | c | }
+\hline
+Boot Part & Time \\
+\hline 
+bootstrap - U-Boot  & --- \\
+\hline
+U-Boot - kernel  & 3.77s  \\
+\hline
+kernel - application & 3.61s \\
+\hline
+\textbf{Total} & \textbf{7.38s} \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Initramfs Compressed with LZO}
+The application is started directly with the init= parameter.
+\begin{table}[h]
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{ | c | c | }
+\hline
+Boot Part & Time \\
+\hline 
+bootstrap - U-Boot  & --- \\
+\hline
+U-Boot - kernel  & 3.79s  \\
+\hline
+kernel - application & 0.372s \\
+\hline
+\textbf{Total} & \textbf{4.162s} \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Modified AT91 Bootstrap}
+AT91 bootstrap starts Linux directly, i.e. the system boots without U-Boot.
+\begin{table}[h]
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{ | c | c | }
+\hline
+Boot Part & Time \\
+\hline 
+bootstrap - kernel  & 676ms  \\
+\hline
+kernel - application & 584ms \\
+\hline
+\textbf{Total} & \textbf{1.260s} \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{lpj=}
+\begin{table}[h]
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{ | c | c | }
+\hline
+Boot Part & Time \\
+\hline 
+bootstrap - kernel  & 676ms  \\
+\hline
+kernel - application & 384ms \\
+\hline
+\textbf{Total} & \textbf{1.060s} \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{No Output on the Serial Interface (quiet)}
+\begin{table}[!h]
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{ | c | c | }
+\hline
+Boot Part & Time \\
+\hline 
+bootstrap - kernel  & 524ms  \\
+\hline
+kernel - application & 212ms \\
+\hline
+\textbf{Total} & \textbf{736ms} \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Kernel Image Compressed with LZO}
+\begin{table}[h]
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{ | c | c | }
+\hline
+Boot Part & Time \\
+\hline 
+bootstrap - kernel  & 444ms  \\
+\hline
+kernel - application & 212ms \\
+\hline
+\textbf{Total} & \textbf{656ms} \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Boot Times After the Optimizations}
+\includegraphics[height=0.7\textheight]{images/at91_ipl_quiet_lpj_lzo.png}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Summary}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Linux provides an optimal platform for anyone that wants a modern operating system, yet also needs to boot in under 1s
+\item using just the simple optimizations can save multiple seconds
+\item the hardware is an essential part of a fastboot concept
+\item the fastboot concept is mostly platform independent
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\input{tailpres}