diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'linux-basics')
| -rw-r--r-- | linux-basics/package-management/pres_packaging_en.tex | 93 |
1 files changed, 66 insertions, 27 deletions
diff --git a/linux-basics/package-management/pres_packaging_en.tex b/linux-basics/package-management/pres_packaging_en.tex index ad5e37e..cf4be91 100644 --- a/linux-basics/package-management/pres_packaging_en.tex +++ b/linux-basics/package-management/pres_packaging_en.tex @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ dpkg -S /bin/df # which will be installed # with a package dpkg -L coreutils -# Get sone informations about an archive +# Get some information about an archive dpkg -I packagename.deb # Reconfigure a package dpkg-reconfigure packagename @@ -72,10 +72,19 @@ dpkg-reconfigure packagename \begin{itemize} \item DPKG is the mechanism to install the package itself. APT will keep track of the dependencies and so on... -\item Consists of several tools: -\item apt-get -\item apt-cache -\item ... +\item The \textbf{apt} command has several sub-commands: + \begin{itemize} + \item search - search in package descriptions + \item install/remove - install/remove packages + \item update - update list of available packages + \item upgrade - upgrade the system by installing/upgrading packages + \end{itemize} +\item old-style: various apt-commands + \begin{itemize} + \item apt-cache update + \item apt-get upgrade + \item apt-get install ... + \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \end{frame} @@ -87,9 +96,9 @@ Repository list is kept in: \end{verbatim} The repository list looks like: \begin{verbatim} -deb http://debian.tu-bs.de/debian lenny \ +deb http://debian.tu-bs.de/debian stretch \ main contrib non-free -deb-src http://debian.tu-bs.de/debian lenny \ +deb-src http://debian.tu-bs.de/debian stretch \ main contrib non-free [...] \end{verbatim} @@ -106,47 +115,58 @@ There are several frontends for APT. The most important ones are: \end{frame} \begin{frame}[fragile] -\frametitle{apt-get} +\frametitle{Update and Upgrade} \begin{verbatim} # Update the package list -apt-get update +apt update + # Upgrade all packages on your system -apt-get upgrade +apt upgrade + # Upgrade packages on your system AND # and resolves any new dependencies -apt-get dist-upgrade +apt dist-upgrade \end{verbatim} \end{frame} \begin{frame}[fragile] -\frametitle{apt-get} +\frametitle{Install and Remove} \begin{verbatim} # Install a package -apt-get install packagename +apt install <packagename> + # Remove a package -apt-get remove packagename +apt remove <packagename> + +# Remove auto-installed packages, which are +# no longer required by other packages. +apt autoremove + # Remove a package # including its configuration files -apt-get --purge remove packagename +apt purge <packagename> + # Clean the local apt cache -apt-get clean +apt clean \end{verbatim} \end{frame} \begin{frame}[fragile] -\frametitle{apt-cache} +\frametitle{Search and Dependencies} \begin{verbatim} # Looking for a package -apt-cache search minicom +apt search minicom + # Show dependencies -apt-cache depends minicom +apt depends minicom + # Show a user readable record -apt-cache show minicom +apt show minicom \end{verbatim} \end{frame} \begin{frame}[fragile] -\frametitle{apt-get behind a proxy} +\frametitle{apt behind a proxy} /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/02proxy: \begin{verbatim} Acquire::http::Proxy "http://proxy:8080"; @@ -166,23 +186,42 @@ Acquire::http::Proxy \ \begin{frame}[fragile] \frametitle{aptitude} Aptitude has an \textbf{advanced dependency handling} and a graphical front-end. The -syntax is quite similar to apt-get and apt-cache: +syntax is quite similar to apt: \begin{verbatim} -# apt-get install minicom +# alternative to: apt install minicom aptitude install minicom -# apt-cache search minicom + +# alternative to: apt search minicom aptitude search minicom \end{verbatim} \end{frame} \begin{frame}[fragile] -\frametitle{apt-get vs. aptitude ;-)} -apt-get has super cow powers; aptitude does not!! ;-) +\frametitle{apt vs. aptitude (I)} +aptitude supports extended search patterns +\begin{verbatim} +# search only in installed packages (long and short version) +$ aptitude search "?installed(linux-image)" +$ aptitude search ~ilinux-image +i A linux-image-4.19.0-1-amd64 - Linux 4.19 for 64-bit PCs +i linux-image-amd64 - Linux for 64-bit PCs + +# search packages, which are no longer present in repository +aptitude search "?obsolete(openjdk)" +aptitude search ~oopenjdk +i A openjdk-10-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, ... +i A openjdk-10-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, ... +\end{verbatim} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}[fragile] +\frametitle{apt vs. aptitude (II)} +apt has super cow powers, aptitude does not!! ;-) \begin{verbatim} $ aptitude moo There are no Easter Eggs in this program. -$ apt-get moo +$ apt moo (__) (oo) /------\/ |