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% ----------------------------
\subsubsection{Namespaces}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Namespaces}
\begin{itemize}
\item Mount: \\
Provide different filesystem
\item IPC: \\
Provide isolated inter process communication entities
\item Network: \\
Provide isolated networking environment
\item User: \\
Provide different User/UID mapping
\item UTS: \\
Provide different hostname
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
% ----------------------------
\subsubsection{Container}
% ----------------------------
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Containers}
\begin{itemize}
\item Application Isolation
\item Lightweight Virtualisation
\item Based on cgroups and namespaces
\item Easy namespace configuration and management
\item Projects:
\begin{itemize}
\item Docker
\item Linux-VServer
\item OpenVZ
\item Linux Container (LXC)
\item \dots
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
% ----------------------------
\subsubsection{LXC Handling}
% ----------------------------
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Linux Containers (LXC)}
\begin{beamerboxesrounded}[shadow=true]{Start/Stop container:}
\begin{tiny}
\begin{verbatim}
# Start: Better for single commands
lxc-execute -n cont_name [-f config] /bin/bash
# Start: Better for container systems
lxc-start -n cont_name [-f config]
# Stop container
lxc-stop -n foo
\end{verbatim}
\end{tiny}
\end{beamerboxesrounded}
\begin{beamerboxesrounded}[shadow=true]{Control container:}
\begin{tiny}
\begin{verbatim}
# Pause/resume container (controlling group of processes)
lxc-freeze -n cont_name
lxc-unfreeze -n cont_name
# Monitor container states
lxc-monitor -n cont_name
# Attach to container console
lxc-console -n cont_name
\end{verbatim}
\end{tiny}
\end{beamerboxesrounded}
\end{frame}
% ----------------------------
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Linux Container (LXC): Configuration I}
\begin{beamerboxesrounded}[shadow=true]{Networking example:}
\begin{tiny}
\begin{verbatim}
lxc.utsname = myhostname
lxc.network.type = veth
lxc.network.flags = up
lxc.network.link = br0
lxc.network.name = eth0
lxc.network.hwaddr = 4a:49:43:49:79:bf
lxc.network.ipv4 = 10.2.3.5/24 10.2.3.255
\end{verbatim}
\end{tiny}
\end{beamerboxesrounded}
\end{frame}
% ----------------------------
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Linux Container (LXC): Configuration II}
\begin{beamerboxesrounded}[shadow=true]{Controlgroup example:}
\begin{tiny}
\begin{verbatim}
lxc.cgroup.cpuset.cpus = 0,1
lxc.cgroup.devices.deny = a
lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 1:3 rw
lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = b 8:0 rw
\end{verbatim}
\end{tiny}
\end{beamerboxesrounded}
\end{frame}
% ----------------------------
\subsubsection{Summary}
% ----------------------------
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Container: Summary}
\begin{itemize}
\item lightweight virtualization
\item isolation of applications
\item hide system resources/configuration
\item Problems:
\begin{itemize}
\item shared kernel
\item robustness against attacks
\end{itemize}
\item Solution:
\begin{itemize}
\item combination of namespaces with Mandatory Access Control (MAC)
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
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